## China’s Energy Strategy: Lessons for Sri Lanka’s Green Transition 📈

The Middle East crisis highlights the vulnerability of oil-dependent nations. China’s proactive shift toward renewable energy offers a strategic roadmap for energy security and economic resilience. • Energy Shift: In 2024, non-fossil fuel sources (renewables and nuclear) surpassed crude oil in China’s primary energy consumption for the first time. The share of green energy rose from ~9% in 2020 to 20% in 2024. • Reducing Oil Dependency: China currently imports over 70% of its crude oil, with 50% sourced from the Middle East. To mitigate risk, it is aggressively transitioning to domestic solar, wind, and Electric Vehicles (EVs). • Industrial & Transport Impact: Manufacturing: Industrial users drive 2/3 of electricity demand, now increasingly powered by green grids. Logistics: Extensive rail networks and electric freight are replacing oil-intensive aviation and long-distance trucking. • Economic Opportunity: As a global leader in green technology, China is poised to dominate exports of solar modules, batteries, and wind equipment. • Policy Outlook: The 15th Five-Year Plan (2026–2030) prioritizes power sector investment and market-based pricing reforms to further accelerate the green transition. _Note: Analysis based on provisional 2024-2025 energy data and strategic policy outlooks._